Fertility and mortality differentials among the Paundra Kshatriya community living in a peri-urban setting, West Bengal, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55779/ng31104Keywords:
fertility and mortality components, India, Paundra Kshatriya, selection intensity, West BengalAbstract
Relationship between fertility and mortality is well known, which exists among different populations of the world. This is known as a genetic phenomenon that has been operating in all human populations. This study examines fertility and mortality differentials among the Paundra Kshatriya community living in a peri-urban setting of West Bengal, India. Altogether, 249 Paundra Kshatriya women were interviewed. A subsample was drawn from this sample, numbering 98, who have completed their reproductive span. Differential fertility is 0.3134 and differential mortality is 0.1393, whereas, index of total selection intensity is 0.4964 according to Crow’s (1958) formula and 0.5980 according to Johnston and Kensinger’s (1971) formula in the study population. The higher value according to Johnston and Kensinger’s (1971) formula is probably because of inclusion of embryonic deaths in the latter. Findings of the present study reveals that differential fertility (If: 0.3134) contribute more than the differential mortality (Im: 0.1393) towards the total opportunity for selection (I=0.4964) in the study population. Paundra Kshatriya is placed with other populations of West Bengal like Jale, Tili, Muslim, Kayastha, Paschtya Vaidya Brahmin, Duley Bagdi, Namasudra and Lepcha in this respect.
Metrics
References
Barua S (1976). Selection intensity among the consanguineous and nonconsanguineous groups of Muslim population of 24 Parganas. Man in India 56(4):359-364.
Basu A (1967). Selection intensity in the Pahiras. Eugenics Quarterly 14(3):241-242. https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1967.9987729
Basu A (1972). A demographic study of the Kota of Nilgiri Hills. Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 7:29-45.
Basu A, Gupta R, Mukhopadhyay KK (1980). A demographic study of Mirpur: A village in coastal Midnapur district, West Bengal. Journal of Biosocial Science 12(2):227-234. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932080006128
Basu A, Mukhopadhyay B (1980). Physical environmental and sociocultural correlates of demographic characteristics among the Sherpas, an indigenous high-altitude population of the eastern Himalayas. Archivos de Biologia Andina 10:3-11.
Bharati P (1981). Economic condition and demography among the Mahishyas of Chakpota village, Howrah district, West Bengal. Journal of Biosocial Science 13(3):345-356. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932000013547
Brown RE, Wray JD (1974). Nutrition and birth rate. The American Review 19:33.
Crow JF (1958). Some possibilities for measuring selection intensities in man. Human Biology 30(1):1-13.
Das FA, Mithun S (2010). Opportunity for natural selection among some selected population groups of Northeast India. Indian Journal of Human Genetics 16(2):61-66. https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0971-6866.69328
De Jong GF (1972). Patterns of human fertility and mortality. In: Harrison GA, Boyce AJ (Eds). The Structure of Human Populations. Clarendon Press. Oxford.
Debnath SK, Sen T (1983). Selection intensity in the Toto of Jalpaiguri Hills, West Bengal. Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 18:79-81.
Frisancho RA, Klayman JE, Mathes J (1976). The symbiotic relationship of high fertility, high childhood mortality and socioeconomic status in an urban Peruvian population. Human Biology 48(1):101-111.
Gandhi LP (1989). Fertility and opportunity of natural selection among the Maheswaris. In: Singh KS (Ed). Genetical Demography of Indian Population. Anthropological Survey of India, Calcutta pp 72-81.
Ghosh AK (1970). Selection intensity in the Kota of Nilgiri Hills, Madras. Social Biology 17:224-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1970.9987873
Ghosh Dastidar M, Gupta R (1993). A note on selection intensity among the Muslims of a Calcutta slum. Journal of Human Ecology 4(1):79-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.1993.11907737
Gupta R (1980). Selection intensity in the Sherpas. Current Anthropology 21:136-137.
Johnston FF, Kensinger KM (1971). Fertility and mortality differentials and their implications for micro-evolutionary change among the Cashinahua. Human Biology 43:356-364.
Karri B, Mathew GS (2022) A comparative analysis of reproductive measures and predictor variables among three tribes of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. Cogent Social Sciences 8(1):2106649. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2106649
KC S, Lutz W (2017). The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: Population scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100. Global Environmental Change 42:181-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.06.004
KC S, Wurzer M, Speringer M, Lutz W (2018). Future population and human capital in heterogeneous India. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115(33):8328-8333. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.17223591
Khongsdier R (1994). Opportunity for natural selection among the War Khasi of Meghalaya, India. Journal of Human Ecology 5(4):307-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.1994.11907119
Krishnan TN (1976). Demographic transition in Kerala: facts and factors. Economic and Political Weekly 11:1203-1224.
Kuiti BN, Das S, Bose K (2015). Selection intensity and its opportunity among the Santal women of Keonjhar, Odisha, India. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 1(4):203-210.
Kun Á (2022). Is there still evolution in the human population?. Biologia Futura 73:359-374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-022-00146-z
Lerch M (2019). Regional variations in the rural-urban fertility gradient in the global South. PLoS One 14(7):e0219624. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219624
Limbu DK, Gogoi D (2019). Index of opportunity for natural selection among the Idu Mishmi of Dibang Valley district, Arunachal Pradesh. The NEHU Journal XVII:1-10.
Livingston FB, Spuhler JN (1965). Cultural determinants of natural selection. International Social Science Journal 17:118-120.
Mukherjee DP (1974). Genetic studies in relation to fertility. I.C.M.R. Project Report (Unpublished), New Delhi.
Mukhopadhyay B (1981). A comparative microdemographic study of two communities in coastal Midnapore district, West Bengal. Journal of Biosocial Science 13:1-11.
Mukhopadhyay B (1982). Selection intensity in the Lepchas of Kalimpong sub-division. Current Anthropology 23:577-578. https://doi.org/10.1086/202901
Muttarak R (2021). Demographic perspectives in research on global environmental change. Population Studies 75:77-104. https://doi.org/10.1080/00324728.2021.1988684
Padmanabham PBSV (1985). Selection intensity among the rural and urban Naika of Gujarat, India. Anthropologie 23:101-103.
Radkar A (2020). Indian fertility transition. Journal of Health Management 22(3):413-423. https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634209379
Rajanikumari J, Srikumari CR, Rao V (1985). Variability of selection opportunities with changing socio-cultural environments. Human Heredity 35(4):218-222.
Rao VV, Murthy JS (1984). Selection intensities and inbreeding among some caste groups of Andhra Pradesh, India. Social Biology 31(1-2):114-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1984.9988567
Reddy BM (1983). Opportunity for natural selection among the three migrant groups of fishermen of Puri, India. Social Biology 30:335-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1983.9988547
Reddy BM, Chopra VP (1990). Opportunity for natural selection among the Indian populations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 83(3):281-296. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330830303
Reddy PC, Lakshmanadu M (1979). Indices of opportunity of selection in Mala, Madiga and other Indian Populations. Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 14:245-252.
Roy SK, Bharati P (1982). Selection intensity: Inter and Intra-group variation. Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 17:283-286.
Saha SS (1981). Opportunity of selection in the Muria population of Narayanpur. Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 16:185-187.
Sarkar NC (1997). Opportunities for natural selection among the Muklom of Arunachal Pradesh. Current Anthropology 38:140-143. https://doi.org/10.1086/204595
Sarkar NC, Barua S, Varte RTh (1994). Opportunity of selection in the Khampti of Lakhimpur district, Assam, India. Journal of Human Ecology 5:217-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.1994.11907102
Singh BP, Singh S, Das UD (2022). Principle of physics and total fertility rate. Journal of Scientific Research 66(4):150-156.
Singh KS (2008). People of India – West Bengal. Vol II Anthropological Survey of India. Kolkata.
Sohkhlet B (2013). Index of opportunity for natural selection among the Gowdas of Kodagahalli village, Karnataka, India. Indian Journal of Human Genetics 19(3):315-319. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6866.120821
Spuhler JN (1973). Anthropological Genetics: An overview. In: Crawford MH, Workman PL (Eds). Methods and theories in Anthropological Genetics. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
Talukdar S (1971). Selection intensity in two Bagdi groups of 24 Parganas, West Bengal. Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 6:131-133.
Woodbury RM (1926). Infant mortality and its causes. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Distribution - Permissions - Copyright
Papers published in Nova Geodesia are Open-Access, distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
© Articles by the authors; licensee SMTCT, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright/to retain publishing rights without restriction.
License:
Open Access Journal - the journal offers free, immediate, and unrestricted access to peer-reviewed research and scholarly work, due to SMTCT support to increase the visibility, accessibility and reputation of the researchers, regardless of geography and their budgets. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
